Books

M A Ainslie, Principles of Sonar Performance Modeling, Springer (2010).

A modern treatment of both man-made and bio-sonar. Includes derivations of the active and passive sonar equations from physical principles.

W. W. L. Au, The Sonar of Dolphins, Springer (1993).

The first ever book describing the hearing and echo location of dolphins.

W. W. L. Au and M. C. Hastings, Principles of Marine Bioacoustics, Springer (2008).

Thorough treatment of hearing and echo location in marine mammals.

P. Blondel, The Handbook of Sidescan Sonar, Springer (2009).

Theory and in practice of sidescan sonar.

C. A. Boyles, Acoustic Waveguides: Applications to Oceanic Science, Wiley (1984).

A thorough treatment of normal modes in ocean acoustics.

L.M. Brekhovskikh and Yu P. Lysanov, Fundamentals of Ocean Acoustics, Springer-Verlag (2003).

Excellent, readable book on both the math and the physics.

L.M. Brekhovskikh and O. A. Godin, Acoustics of Layered Media (I & II), Springer-Verlag (1990).

Very mathematical presentation; probably difficult reading for many but contains a wealth of useful results.

William S. Burdic, Underwater acoustic system analysis, Prentice-Hall (1991).

A nice balance between signal processing and acoustics; as the title says, basically what you need to know to understand and design acoustic systems.

William M. Carey and Richard B. Evans, Ocean Ambient Noise: Measurement and Theory, Springer (2011).

Theory and in practice of ocean noise.

R. H. Cole, Underwater Explosions, Dover (1965).

A thorough treatment of underwater explosions.

John DeSanto, Scalar Wave Theory: Green's functions and applications, Springer-Verlag (1992).

A nice, mathematical presentation of graduate level material on waves.

J. V. DiFranco and W. L. Rubin, Radar Detection, Prentice-Hall (1968).

Everything you ever needed to know about statistical detection theory – applied to radar but the mathematical theory for individual applies applies unchanged to sonar.

Eckart, C. (editor) Principles and applications of underwater sound, 1946

A humbling state of the art of underwater acoustics at the end of WWII. (Review)

Paul C. Etter, Underwater Acoustic Modeling and Simulation: Principles, techniques and applications, E&FN Spon (Chapman & Hall), (2003).

Probably the best book to get an overview of specific noise, propagation, and reverb models that are available. Less theory and implementation information than JKPS.

George Frisk, Ocean and Seabed Acoustics: A theory of wave propagation, Prentice-Hall (1994).

A mathematical treatment, emphasizing stratified problems.

O. A Godin and D. R. Palmer, History of Russian Underwater Acoustics, World Scientific (2008) .

Historical summary of theoretical and practical developments in underwater sound in Russia.

F. V. Hunt, Electroacoustics: The Analysis of Transduction, and its Historical Background, AIP (1954).

Theory and historical account of electro-acoustic transducers.

J. W. Horton, Fundamentals of SONAR, 2^nd edition, United States Naval Institute (1959).

A fine predecessor to Urick’s classic.

D. R. Jackson and M. R. Richardson, High-Frequency Seafloor Acoustics(2006).

Everything you ever needed to know about the interaction of high frequency sound with the seabed.

Finn Jensen, William Kuperman, Michael Porter, and Henrik Schmidt, Computational Ocean Acoustics, Springer-Verlag (2000).

Details about the numerical implementation and use of ocean acoustic models.

Boris G. Katsnelson and Valery G. Petnikov, Shallow Water Acoustics, Springer (2002).

A readable overview of all aspects of shallow water acoustics.

Ding Lee, Martin H. Schultz, Numerical Ocean Acoustic Propagation in three-dimensions, World Scientific (1995).

Emphasizes the math/numerical issues more than the physics

T. G. Leighton, The Acoustic Bubble, Academic (1994).

Everything you ever needed to know about the acoustical properties of gas bubbles.

X. Lurton, An Introduction to Underwater Acoustics: Principles and Applications, Springer (2010).

Covers similar ground to Urick’s classic, from a more modern perspective.

Herman Medwin and Clarence S. Clay, Fundamentals of Acoustical Oceanography, Academic Press (1998).

Covers ocean acoustics quite broadly but is particularly useful for material on scattering by objects, bubbles, and boundaries.

Walter Munk, Peter Worcester, and Carl Wunsch, Ocean Acoustic Tomography, Cambridge (1995).

Great book on the subject by the pioneers of the field.

W. J. Richardson, C. R. Greene, C. I. Malme and D. H. Thompson, Marine Mammals and Noise, Academic (1995).

Pioneering text documenting all aspects of the influence of underwater sound on marine mammals.

D. Ross, Mechanics of underwater noise(1990).

A classic text on radiated noise from ships.

C. Sherman and J. L. Butler, Transducers and Arrays for Underwater Sound, Springer (2007).

Electro-acoustic transducers and arrays

J. Simmonds, D. N. MacLennan, Fisheries Acoustics: Theory and Practice(2005).

Theory and in practice of fisheries sonar.

I. Tolstoy and C. S. Clay, Ocean Acoustics: Theory and Experiment in Underwater Sound, AIP (1987).

Theory and in practice of underwater sound.

Alex Tolstoy: Matched-Field Processing, World-Scientic (1993).

The only overview book available on MFP. A nice, readable introduction to the basics.

Robert J. Urick: Principles of Underwater Sound, 3^rd edition, Peninsula (1983).

A classic book on the subject. Despite being one of the first books it's still a key reference with large parts of the material not available elsewhere. Behind the engineering treatment is clearly a solid understanding of the science behind things.

Physics of Sound in the Sea, Peninsula Publishing (originally published in 1945).

Emphasizes the physics. They knew an awful lot already by 1945.

W. M. X. Zimmer, Passive Acoustic Monitoring of Cetaceans, CUP (2011)

How to count whales by listening to the sounds they make.

Proceedings or Collections:

• Andrea Caiti, Jean-Pierre Hermand, Sergio Jesus, Michael Porter, Experimental Acoustic Inversion Methods for exploration of the shallow-water environment, Kluwer (2000).
  Emphasizes experimental work. Lots of interesting applications such as monitoring sea-grass oxygen production and internal tides. (review)
• Stan Chin-Bing, David King, Jim Davis, and Richard Evans, PE Workshop II: Proceedings of the Second parabolic equation workshop, Naval Research Laboratory (1993).
  Lots of test case results useful for benchmarking models.
• Orest Diachok, Andrea Caiti, Peter Gerstoft, and Henrik Schmidt, Full-field inversion methods in ocean and seismo-acoustics, Kluwer (1995)
• Dale Ellis, John Preston, Heinz Urban, Ocean Reverberation, Kluwer (1993).
• N.G. Pace, E. Pouliquen, O. Bergem, A.P. Lyons, High Frequency Acoustics in Shallow Water, SACLANTCEN Conference Proceedings (1997).
• Nicholas G. Pace and Finn B. Jensen, Impact of Littoral Environmental Variability on Acoustic Predictions and Sonar Performance, Kluwer (2002).
• Michael B. Porter, Martin Siderius, and William A. Kuperman, High Frequency Ocean Acoustics, AIP (2004).
  Snapshot of HF acoustics research including marine mammals, acoustic comms, geoacoustic inversion, propagation modeling, and ambient noise.
• Allan R. Robinson and Ding Lee, Oceanography and Acoustics, AIP (1994).
  A key reference if your looking for the connection between oceanographic features and their acoustic impact.
• Renhe Zhang and Jixun Zhou, Shallow-Water Acoustics, China Ocean Press (1997).
  Proceedings of a conference held in Beijing. Good representation of Asian and particularly Chinese work in this area.

• Proceedings of the Underwater Acoustics Conference and Exhibition (formerly UAM)(2007 to 2017)
• Journal of the Japanese Marine Acoustics Society (Articles in Japanese, Abstracts in English, Link)
• Proceedings of the conferences of the Australian Acoustic Society (Link)
• Proceedings of the Institute of Acoustics (UK) (Link)
• Proceedings of the Pacific Rim Underwater Acoustics Conferences (2007, 2009, 2011)
• ACTA ACUSTICA united with ACUSTICA (Publication of the European Acoustics Association, Link)

Errata for 2nd Edition of Computational Ocean Acoustics by Jensen, Kuperman, Porter, and Schmidt

page 47, Eq. 1.69
The phase factor in the numerator should be exp( i * phi_2 ), which is logical since transmission is associated with a single passage through the layer, whereas reflection has a double passage and hence phase factor exp( 2 * i * phi_2 ). (The formula was correct in the first edition …)

Figure 2.12
Shows |R|^2 not |R|. This problem might occur in some of the other plots. Fig. 2.10 has the same issue.

Figure 2.31
The caption says the plot is for an ideal waveguide. It is actually for a Pekeris waveguide with a bottom speed of 1800 m/s, bottom loss of .1 dB/wavelength, and density of 1.8 g/cm^3

Figure 3.8
The figure title indicates the TL was done at a frequency of 50 Hz. The correct frequency is 600 Hz.

Eq. (8.53)
Should have dz^2 on the left not dz
The derivative should be a partial derivative.

Eq. (8.54) is missing ‘i’ in e^( i k v t )

Eqs. 8.73, 8.76, 8.80, and Eq.8.84
Should be approx. equal sign in the first line of equation

Contributions or questions on this section?

Contacts: Mathieu Colin
TNO
The Netherlands